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Wind turbine equipment mainly includes fan blades, engine room, hub and tower. Each part is an out-of-limit item for ordinary road transportation and needs to be transported by professional vehicles. As for the blade, its length is super long, which is the main feature different from other wind turbine equipment. This means the longer the blade, the more difficult the transportation, and the higher the transportation cost. With the development of low wind speed and large capacity of the unit, the wind turbine blade Transportation remains a big problem. The ratio of blade transportation costs to the total cost of blades is gradually increasing. Longer blades have higher requirements for transportation roads. Today, we will explain the relevant knowledge about the transportation of wind power blades.
The blades of large-scale wind turbines have the characteristics of overlength, overweight, flexibility and fragility. The length of the blades during vehicle transportation usually exceeds the limit of general special transportation. In the actual transportation process, there may be some internal and external reasons caused damage. If the wind turbine blades are damaged during transportation, obvious scars will be left on the surface of the blades. If these scars are not treated in time, it will directly affect the normal service life of the wind turbine blades. These are just some of the difficulties that semi trailer manufacturers will have to think about in advance.
Since the areas rich in wind energy resources are relatively remote and the road conditions are bad, the wind turbine blades may be irreversibly damaged due to the bumps of the road during transportation. When the frequency of the road surface excitation is close to the natural frequency of the blade itself, it may also cause blade resonance.
The width of the passing lane during the construction period should not be less than 7.5m, the effective length should not be less than 20m, and the length of the transition section should not be less than 10m. The slope of the passing lane should not be greater than 5%. It is advisable to choose a favorable location within a distance of not more than 500m to set up the passing lane. When setting up the avoidance lane, the width of the avoidance lane shall not be less than 4.0m. This will make the transport for wind turbine blade smoother for semi trailer manufacturers
The shoulder width shall also meet the following requirements:
The shoulder of the road should be made of earthen shoulder;
If it is located on the inner side of a straight section or a curved section, and the cross slope value of the lane is greater than or equal to 3. When it is less than 3%, the cross slope value of the soil shoulder should be 1% or 2% greater than the cross slope value of the driveway. For the soil road shoulder cross slope located outside the curved road section, the reverse cross slope value of 3% or 4% should be adopted.
Line selection should include the determining the basic direction of the route, route plan, and the whole process of selecting the route.
The route selection should be based on the overall layout of the wind farm and local road network conditions when determining the main control points for road selection of wind farm projects. It is very important for the winde turbine blade transport semi trailer manufacturers. Control points should meet the following requirements:
- The control points for determining the basic direction of the route should include the starting and ending points of the route, the external traffic interfaces that must be connected, the functional areas of the wind farm, and the positions of specific bridges and tunnels.
- The control points for determining the route plan should include the location and elevation of each wind turbine and substation.
At different design stages, the content of route selection work should have its own emphases, while the route plan of the previous stage should be reviewed and optimized in the latter stage.
Route selection should be carried out on the basis of extensive collection of information related to the route plan.
The route selection work should be based on the characteristics and differences of the ecological environment, topography, and geology of the area where the route passes. Comparison, optimization and demonstration of the plans should be carried out according to the proposed control points.
Route position selection should be based on road functions and usage tasks, comprehensively weigh, distinguish between primary and secondary, and properly handle the relationship between the overall and the local.
The location of the route should make full use of the existing roads, and at the same time consider the combination of permanent roads and temporary roads.
The route should avoid areas with poor geological conditions such as landslides, collapses, debris flows, karsts, and soft soils. When it is necessary to pass through for wind turbine blade transport semi trailer manufacturers, a suitable location should be selected, the crossing range should be reduced, and corresponding engineering measures should be taken.
Coordination and cooperation with the local road network, farmland and water conservancy facilities, forestry resources, etc. should be done well in the selection of route positions. The construction scale should be reasonably determined and the cultivated land and forest land should be effectively protected.
When transporting wind turbine blade, the route for semi trailer manufacturers should avoid restricted areas such as immovable cultural relics, military activity areas, measurement reference points, ecological protection areas, and key protected trees.
The height of subgrade filling and excavation should be reasonably selected for line selection to avoid high filling and deep excavation.
The combination and reasonable cooperation of the plane, longitudinal section and cross section should be considered.
There are many constraints on the transportation of the wind turbine blade, which are related to the length, width, height, pitch circle size of the blade root, fulcrum position, and weight and center of gravity of the blade itself. For example, the height limit of blade highway transportation is less than 5m, while the height of the cargo platform placed on the blade root bracket at the front of the wind turbine transport semi trialer is greater or equal to 0.9m. Therefore, the maximum height from the ground under the posture of the transportation bracket before and after the blade is installed is required to be less or equal to 4m. The longer the fulcrum position, the longer the pulling length of the wind turbine blade transport semi trailer, resulting in a greater requirement for the turning radius of the road on site. For semi trailer manufacturers, these are the basic requirements they have to fulfill to produce wind turbine blade semi trailers. At present, the transportation of blades is generally completed by a flatbed semi-trailer combined with a tractor or a special blade transport vehicle with blade lifting-rotation-hydraulic steering. The flatbed semi-trailer combined with the tractor is generally on the highway or the wind field with flat roads, where the transportation road conditions must be good.
The wind turbine blade transport semi trailer, also known as blade lift-rotation-hydraulic steering special blade transport vehicle (referred to as the lift vehicle) is a work vehicle specially designed for the complex road transportation of wind turbine blades. It is because the blades can be lifted and rotated 360 degrees by hydraulic control during driving Avoiding various restrictive obstacles (mountain slopes, trees, houses, bridges, tunnels, etc.). Avoiding obstacles such as high mountains and cliffs, building groups, utility poles, and house demolition can also greatly reduce the total length of the blade transport vehicle, thereby being popularized and used. Especially in mountainous wind farms, limited by the road transfer radius, it is basically the only transportation option nowadays. In many wind farms, the wind trubine blades are first transported from the blade factory to a certain position away from the wind farm by a flatbed semi-trailer in the high-speed section, and then transfer to the machine position by blade lift transfer vehicle.
With the enlargement of blades and the complexity of transportation roads, wind turbine blade transport vehicles are also continuously upgraded by semi trailer manufacturers to adapt to new transportation requirements forming specific reversing vehicles, passing through villages, cottages, mountains, plains, and deserts. Compared with regular semi-trailers, more and more wind turbine blade tranport semi trailers are used. For the transportation of blades, the latest reversing vehicle is a blade reversing vehicle with hydraulic rear wheel steering, lifting leveling and lifting functions. It can have as many as 24 tires and a turning radius of less than 16 meters. The hydraulic steering device can rotate the blades 360 degrees. It can also achieve a 45-degree lift, flexibly avoiding various obstacles encountered on the way. As the blades become longer and longer, this kind of blade lift vehicle with rear wheel steering, lifting and leveling functions can not only be more suitable for complex terrain, but also reduce the turning radius of the road, thereby significantly reducing the road construction cost of the wind farm. It is beneficial to reduce the cost of electricity.
The wind turbine blade lifts and rotates flexibly, while the transformation cost is low. The blade sweeping area of the special blade lifting transportation method is larger than that of ordinary flatbed semi trailers. The area involved in the transformation project in the curve is reduced by about 10 times. The lifting and transportation of blades can effectively avoid high mountains and cliffs, housing complexes, reduce the cost of road reconstruction, house demolition, damage to vegetation, and greatly improve the efficiency of blade transportation.
Due to the restrictions of expressways and most grades of roads, very often wind turbine equipment can only be transported on the national public transport network by ordinary flatbed vehicles. Therefore, when mountainous wind farms are transported by special vehicles such as the wind turbine blade transport semi trailer, it is necessary to select a suitable location near the wind farm area by semi trailer manufacturers and set up an intermediate transfer station. In addition, the transportation cost of using special lift vehicles is higher than that of ordinary flatbed semi trailers.
Wind turbine equipment mainly includes fan blades, engine room, hub and tower. Each part is an out-of-limit item for ordinary road transportation and needs to be transported by professional vehicles. As for the blade, its length is super long, which is the main feature different from other wind turbine equipment. This means the longer the blade, the more difficult the transportation, and the higher the transportation cost. With the development of low wind speed and large capacity of the unit, the wind turbine blade Transportation remains a big problem. The ratio of blade transportation costs to the total cost of blades is gradually increasing. Longer blades have higher requirements for transportation roads. Today, we will explain the relevant knowledge about the transportation of wind power blades.
The blades of large-scale wind turbines have the characteristics of overlength, overweight, flexibility and fragility. The length of the blades during vehicle transportation usually exceeds the limit of general special transportation. In the actual transportation process, there may be some internal and external reasons caused damage. If the wind turbine blades are damaged during transportation, obvious scars will be left on the surface of the blades. If these scars are not treated in time, it will directly affect the normal service life of the wind turbine blades. These are just some of the difficulties that semi trailer manufacturers will have to think about in advance.
Since the areas rich in wind energy resources are relatively remote and the road conditions are bad, the wind turbine blades may be irreversibly damaged due to the bumps of the road during transportation. When the frequency of the road surface excitation is close to the natural frequency of the blade itself, it may also cause blade resonance.
The width of the passing lane during the construction period should not be less than 7.5m, the effective length should not be less than 20m, and the length of the transition section should not be less than 10m. The slope of the passing lane should not be greater than 5%. It is advisable to choose a favorable location within a distance of not more than 500m to set up the passing lane. When setting up the avoidance lane, the width of the avoidance lane shall not be less than 4.0m. This will make the transport for wind turbine blade smoother for semi trailer manufacturers
The shoulder width shall also meet the following requirements:
The shoulder of the road should be made of earthen shoulder;
If it is located on the inner side of a straight section or a curved section, and the cross slope value of the lane is greater than or equal to 3. When it is less than 3%, the cross slope value of the soil shoulder should be 1% or 2% greater than the cross slope value of the driveway. For the soil road shoulder cross slope located outside the curved road section, the reverse cross slope value of 3% or 4% should be adopted.
Line selection should include the determining the basic direction of the route, route plan, and the whole process of selecting the route.
The route selection should be based on the overall layout of the wind farm and local road network conditions when determining the main control points for road selection of wind farm projects. It is very important for the winde turbine blade transport semi trailer manufacturers. Control points should meet the following requirements:
- The control points for determining the basic direction of the route should include the starting and ending points of the route, the external traffic interfaces that must be connected, the functional areas of the wind farm, and the positions of specific bridges and tunnels.
- The control points for determining the route plan should include the location and elevation of each wind turbine and substation.
At different design stages, the content of route selection work should have its own emphases, while the route plan of the previous stage should be reviewed and optimized in the latter stage.
Route selection should be carried out on the basis of extensive collection of information related to the route plan.
The route selection work should be based on the characteristics and differences of the ecological environment, topography, and geology of the area where the route passes. Comparison, optimization and demonstration of the plans should be carried out according to the proposed control points.
Route position selection should be based on road functions and usage tasks, comprehensively weigh, distinguish between primary and secondary, and properly handle the relationship between the overall and the local.
The location of the route should make full use of the existing roads, and at the same time consider the combination of permanent roads and temporary roads.
The route should avoid areas with poor geological conditions such as landslides, collapses, debris flows, karsts, and soft soils. When it is necessary to pass through for wind turbine blade transport semi trailer manufacturers, a suitable location should be selected, the crossing range should be reduced, and corresponding engineering measures should be taken.
Coordination and cooperation with the local road network, farmland and water conservancy facilities, forestry resources, etc. should be done well in the selection of route positions. The construction scale should be reasonably determined and the cultivated land and forest land should be effectively protected.
When transporting wind turbine blade, the route for semi trailer manufacturers should avoid restricted areas such as immovable cultural relics, military activity areas, measurement reference points, ecological protection areas, and key protected trees.
The height of subgrade filling and excavation should be reasonably selected for line selection to avoid high filling and deep excavation.
The combination and reasonable cooperation of the plane, longitudinal section and cross section should be considered.
There are many constraints on the transportation of the wind turbine blade, which are related to the length, width, height, pitch circle size of the blade root, fulcrum position, and weight and center of gravity of the blade itself. For example, the height limit of blade highway transportation is less than 5m, while the height of the cargo platform placed on the blade root bracket at the front of the wind turbine transport semi trialer is greater or equal to 0.9m. Therefore, the maximum height from the ground under the posture of the transportation bracket before and after the blade is installed is required to be less or equal to 4m. The longer the fulcrum position, the longer the pulling length of the wind turbine blade transport semi trailer, resulting in a greater requirement for the turning radius of the road on site. For semi trailer manufacturers, these are the basic requirements they have to fulfill to produce wind turbine blade semi trailers. At present, the transportation of blades is generally completed by a flatbed semi-trailer combined with a tractor or a special blade transport vehicle with blade lifting-rotation-hydraulic steering. The flatbed semi-trailer combined with the tractor is generally on the highway or the wind field with flat roads, where the transportation road conditions must be good.
The wind turbine blade transport semi trailer, also known as blade lift-rotation-hydraulic steering special blade transport vehicle (referred to as the lift vehicle) is a work vehicle specially designed for the complex road transportation of wind turbine blades. It is because the blades can be lifted and rotated 360 degrees by hydraulic control during driving Avoiding various restrictive obstacles (mountain slopes, trees, houses, bridges, tunnels, etc.). Avoiding obstacles such as high mountains and cliffs, building groups, utility poles, and house demolition can also greatly reduce the total length of the blade transport vehicle, thereby being popularized and used. Especially in mountainous wind farms, limited by the road transfer radius, it is basically the only transportation option nowadays. In many wind farms, the wind trubine blades are first transported from the blade factory to a certain position away from the wind farm by a flatbed semi-trailer in the high-speed section, and then transfer to the machine position by blade lift transfer vehicle.
With the enlargement of blades and the complexity of transportation roads, wind turbine blade transport vehicles are also continuously upgraded by semi trailer manufacturers to adapt to new transportation requirements forming specific reversing vehicles, passing through villages, cottages, mountains, plains, and deserts. Compared with regular semi-trailers, more and more wind turbine blade tranport semi trailers are used. For the transportation of blades, the latest reversing vehicle is a blade reversing vehicle with hydraulic rear wheel steering, lifting leveling and lifting functions. It can have as many as 24 tires and a turning radius of less than 16 meters. The hydraulic steering device can rotate the blades 360 degrees. It can also achieve a 45-degree lift, flexibly avoiding various obstacles encountered on the way. As the blades become longer and longer, this kind of blade lift vehicle with rear wheel steering, lifting and leveling functions can not only be more suitable for complex terrain, but also reduce the turning radius of the road, thereby significantly reducing the road construction cost of the wind farm. It is beneficial to reduce the cost of electricity.
The wind turbine blade lifts and rotates flexibly, while the transformation cost is low. The blade sweeping area of the special blade lifting transportation method is larger than that of ordinary flatbed semi trailers. The area involved in the transformation project in the curve is reduced by about 10 times. The lifting and transportation of blades can effectively avoid high mountains and cliffs, housing complexes, reduce the cost of road reconstruction, house demolition, damage to vegetation, and greatly improve the efficiency of blade transportation.
Due to the restrictions of expressways and most grades of roads, very often wind turbine equipment can only be transported on the national public transport network by ordinary flatbed vehicles. Therefore, when mountainous wind farms are transported by special vehicles such as the wind turbine blade transport semi trailer, it is necessary to select a suitable location near the wind farm area by semi trailer manufacturers and set up an intermediate transfer station. In addition, the transportation cost of using special lift vehicles is higher than that of ordinary flatbed semi trailers.
